YLE Movers Unit 3 · 食物与购物

It's Saturday morning. Mum and I are at the supermarket. "Let's buy some food for the week," Mum says. We go to the bread section first. I want some bread, but we haven't got any milk at home, so Mum puts two bottles of milk in the trolley. Then we go to the fruit section. There are some apples and bananas, but there aren't any oranges — they look too expensive. I want some biscuits, but Mum says, "We haven't got any vegetables. Let's buy some tomatoes and carrots." I put a bag of tomatoes in the trolley. At the checkout, I ask, "Mum, how much is this bread?" Mum laughs and says, "It's two pounds. How much are the apples?" "Three pounds," the shop assistant says. We pay and go home. I'm hungry! I want a sandwich, but first I must help Mum put the food away.

星期六早上。我和妈妈在超市。"咱们买些这周吃的东西，"妈妈说。我们先去面包区。我想要一些面包，但家里没有牛奶了，所以妈妈往推车里放了两瓶牛奶。然后我们去水果区。有一些苹果和香蕉，但没有橙子——看起来太贵了。我想要一些饼干，妈妈说："我们没有蔬菜了。买点西红柿和胡萝卜吧。"我把一袋西红柿放进推车。到收银台，我问："妈妈，这个面包多少钱？"妈妈笑着说："两英镑。苹果多少钱？""三英镑，"店员说。我们付了钱回家。我饿了！我想吃个三明治，但得先帮妈妈把东西归位。

本课核心词：supermarket, buy, food, bread, milk, fruit, apple, banana, orange, vegetable, tomato, carrot, biscuit, trolley, expensive, cheap, how much, pay, hungry, sandwich

课文精讲 · 购物三步

论Movers 版"购物公式"

第 1 句：我要买什么。Let's buy some bread. / I want some biscuits.（肯定句用 some）

第 2 句：家里没有什么。We haven't got any milk. / There aren't any oranges.（否定句用 any）

第 3 句：问价格。How much is this bread?（不可数用 is）/ How much are the apples?（可数复数用 are）

考试怎么考：Movers 听力常放一段超市对话，问"他们买了什么、多少钱"。抓 some/any 和 how much 就能锁定答案。

记

这一章要记住的 5 个搭配

① buy some bread/milk 买些面包/牛奶

② haven't got any 没有（否定）

③ how much is/are 多少钱

④ put...in the trolley 放进推车

⑤ pay and go home 付完钱回家

词汇延展 · 食物词族 + 购物词族

Food & Shopping Words

食物词按"主食/蔬果/肉蛋奶/购物用语"四组背。注意哪些可数（an apple, two apples）、哪些不可数（bread, milk, rice）——这是 Movers 到 Flyers 最容易混的点。

四组词族

（可参看「食物购物词汇」深化页）

食物与购物词族（Movers 高频）
组	核心词	搭配/备注
主食与饮品	bread, rice, noodles, cake, biscuit, water, milk, juice, tea, coffee	bread/rice/milk 不可数；biscuit 可数
蔬果	apple, banana, orange, tomato, potato, carrot, vegetable, fruit	都可数（a tomato, two tomatoes）
肉蛋奶	meat, fish, chicken, egg, cheese	meat/fish/chicken 不可数；egg 可数
购物用语	buy, shop, supermarket, trolley, price, cheap, expensive, pay, how much, change	how much is/are 问价格

高频陷阱

① bread 不可数：不能说 "a bread"，要说 a piece of bread / some bread。

② tomato→tomatoes：以 o 结尾加 es（potato→potatoes 同理）。

③ chicken 一词两义：一只鸡（可数 a chicken）/ 鸡肉（不可数 some chicken）。课文里吃的是鸡肉。

④ expensive 是"贵"：反义词 cheap；不要和 "expensive" 的拼写搞混。

语法延展 · some/any 与 how much

some / any & how much

"来点…"和"没有…"靠 some/any；"多少钱"靠 how much。这三个词是购物场景的语法骨架，也是 Movers 完形最爱挖空的地方。

some / any 对照表

some 与 any
用法	词	例子
肯定句"一些"	some	I want some bread. There are some apples.
否定句"一些/任何"	any	We haven't got any milk. There aren't any oranges.
疑问句"一些"	any	Have we got any eggs?
请求/建议（疑问句中）	some	Would you like some tea?（请人喝点东西仍用 some）

how much 问价格

how much is / are
主语	be 动词	例子
不可数（bread, milk）	is	How much is the bread? — It's two pounds.
可数复数（apples, tomatoes）	are	How much are the apples? — They're three pounds.
可数单数（one apple）	is	How much is this apple? — It's fifty p.

最高频陷阱

① some→any 随句子性质变：肯定 some，否定/疑问 any。这是 Movers 完形第一高频考点。

② how much 后 be 动词看主语：bread 不可数用 is；apples 复数用 are。

③ some 可修饰可数和不可数：some apples（可数复数）/ some milk（不可数），都行。

考试怎么考："We haven't got ___ bread. Let's buy ___." 第一空 any（否定），第二空 some（肯定）。

情景操练

即学即用

练习1（some/any）：① I want ___ bread.　② We haven't got ___ milk.　③ Are there ___ apples?　④ There are ___ tomatoes.

练习2（how much is/are）：① How much ___ the bread?　② How much ___ the apples?　③ How much ___ this orange?

练习3（改错）：① I want any milk.　② How much are the bread?　③ We haven't got some eggs.

练习4（写自己的话）：写 2 句你家缺什么、想买什么（We haven't got any... Let's buy some...）。

查看参考答案

练习1：① some　② any　③ any　④ some
练习2：① is（bread 不可数）　② are（apples 复数）　③ is（this orange 单数）
练习3：① I want some milk（肯定用 some）　② How much is the bread?（bread 不可数）　③ We haven't got any eggs（否定用 any）
练习4（示范）：We haven't got any juice. Let's buy some oranges and some milk.

功能句型 · 点餐与购物

Ordering & Shopping

"点餐与购物"是 Movers 听力和口语的高频场景。三套模板 + 考场对话。

三套句型模板

（可参看「点餐句型」深化页）

买东西
I'd like some bread, please.
Have you got any milk?

我想要一些面包。／你们有牛奶吗？

考点：I'd like... / Have you got any...?——购物/点餐万能句。

问价格
How much is it? — It's two pounds.
How much are they? — They're three pounds.

这个多少钱？——两英镑。／这些多少钱？——三英镑。

考点：it（单数/不可数）vs they（复数）——回答时主语要对应。

点餐
Can I have a sandwich, please?
Would you like some juice? — Yes, please. / No, thank you.

请给我一个三明治。／你要点果汁吗？——好的，谢谢。／不用了，谢谢。

考点：Can I have...? / Would you like...?——餐厅场景标准句。

场景对话 · 餐厅实战

Waiter: Good morning! Can I help you?
Tom: Yes, please. Can I have a hamburger and some chips?
Waiter: Would you like some juice?
Tom: Yes, please. Apple juice, please.
Waiter: Sure. How much is it? Let me see — that's four pounds fifty.
Mum: Here you are. Thank you.
Waiter: You're welcome. Enjoy your meal!

服务员：早上好！需要点什么？／Tom：请给我一个汉堡和一些薯条。／服务员：要点果汁吗？／Tom：好的。苹果汁。／服务员：好的。一共多少钱？我看看——四英镑五十便士。／妈妈：给你。谢谢。／服务员：不客气。请慢用！

得分点：① Can I have...? 点餐；② some chips / apple juice 不可数用 some；③ How much is it? 问总价。

Movers 考点 · 食物购物主题怎么考 + 自测

Exam Focus & Self-Test

食物购物主题横跨 Movers 三张卷子。考点 + 8 题自测。

考点分布表

食物购物主题考点
卷子	题型示例	应对策略
Listening	听超市/餐厅对话，选买了什么、多少钱	抓 some/any/how much
Reading & Writing	看图选词（食物）、完形填 some/any	肯定 some、否定 any
Writing	看图写 2–3 句描述购物清单	I want some... / We haven't got any...
Speaking	模拟点餐/购物	Can I have...? How much is it?

本单元自测 · 8 题

Movers 食物购物主题自测

1（填空）：I want ___ bread. (some/any)

2（选择）：We haven't got ___ milk. A. some　B. any　C. a

3（be 动词）：How much ___ the apples? (is/are)

4（改错）：How much is the oranges?

5（阅读判断）："There are some apples and bananas, but there aren't any oranges." —— They buy oranges. A. True　B. False　C. Not given

6（听力）：听到 "The bread is two pounds, and the milk is one pound fifty." —— 一共多少钱？

7（写作）：写 2 句你想买的食物（I'd like... + How much is it?）。

8（口语）：模拟在餐厅点一份你爱吃的食物。

查看参考答案

1：some（肯定句）
2：B（否定句用 any）
3：are（apples 复数）
4：How much are the oranges?（oranges 复数用 are）
5：B（原文没有橙子）
6：三英镑五十便士（£3.50）
7（示范）：I'd like some rice and chicken. How much is it? — It's three pounds.
8（示范）：Can I have a hamburger and some apple juice, please? How much is it? — Four pounds fifty, please.

自评：错 2 题以上，回第 3 章重读 some/any 和 how much 表。

衔接 · 同一话题两级进阶

论Movers 食物 → Flyers 怎么长

词汇升级：Movers 认识 bread/milk/apple；Flyers 要会 soup/sandwich/biscuit/vegetable 等更多词，并系统学可数/不可数。

语法加码：Movers 只学 some/any；Flyers 加 many/much、a lot of、how many（可数复数）。

现在就做：把 some/any 练熟，走到 Flyers 食物单元时会轻松很多。

在线学习资源 · 剑桥官方

📚 剑桥官方免费资源（本课程只链接、不复制正文）

剑桥 Movers 官方考试页（内含免费样题/真题下载）
YLE 官方教师手册 PDF（Starters/Movers/Flyers 2024）
Cambridge English 免费学习资源与游戏

点进官方考试页可下载免费样题；本课程课文为同主题原创内容，知识点与官方大纲对齐。