YLE Starters 单元 4 · Toys & School

这个单元有 5 章:主题课文"Tom 的教室和他的玩具箱"、词汇延展(玩具词族 + 教室物品)、语法延展(there is/are 描述场景)、功能句型(说教室里有什么、说你有什么玩具)、Starters 考点与自测。

学完你能:用 There is a... / There are... 描述教室;说出 ball、doll、kite、robot 等玩具;认识 book、pen、pencil、bag 等文具——这是 Starters 看图说话和听力图话题的收尾单元。

预计时间:1 周,每天 15 分钟。

衔接说明:there is/are 到了 Movers 会加上方位介词(in/on/under);玩具和教室词族到了 Movers 会扩展到更多学校话题。学完本单元,下一站就是 Movers Unit 1。

本单元思维导图 · 从玩具箱到教室

第四单元 = 玩具词族 + 教室物品 + there is/are。课文带 Tom 介绍自己的玩具箱和教室,词汇按"玩具/文具"分组,语法搞定"这里有什么"。

第1章 课文
玩具箱与教室
→
第2章 词汇
玩具/文具
→
第3章 语法
there is/are
→
第4章 句型
说有什么
→
第5章 考点
自测 8 题
读法:课文跟着读三遍 → 玩具文具对着实物认 → there is/are 造句 → 说教室里有什么 → 自测。家长可以让孩子用英语数自己书包里有什么。
01

主题课文 · Tom 的玩具箱和教室

Tom's Toys and Classroom
原创课文,场景:Tom 给 Lily 看自己房间的玩具箱,又一起参观教室。这是 Starters 听力图话题"教室里有什么"和看图说话的经典场景。注意加粗的 there is / there are,第 3 章逐个拆。

课文 · My Toys and My Classroom

"Come and see my toys!" says Tom. Lily looks in the toy box. "Wow! There is a big red ball. And there are two dolls! This doll has yellow hair. That doll has brown hair. What's this?" "It's my robot. It can walk! And look — there is a blue car, and there are three green balls." "You've got so many toys!" Then they go to the classroom. "Look! There is a big table. There are ten desks and ten chairs. There is a teacher's desk at the front. There are books on the shelf. And there is a board on the wall. Our teacher, Miss Lee, writes on the board." "What's in your bag?" asks Lily. "There is a pencil case, a book, and a ruler. There are two pens too." "I like your classroom," says Lily. "Me too!" says Tom.
"来看看我的玩具!"Tom 说。Lily 往玩具箱里看。"哇!有一个红色的大球。还有两个洋娃娃!这个洋娃娃有黄头发,那个有棕头发。这是什么?""这是我的机器人。它会走路!你看——有一辆蓝色的小汽车,还有三个绿色的球。""你玩具可真多呀!"然后他们来到教室。"看!有一张大桌子。有十张书桌、十把椅子。前面有一张老师的桌子。架子上有书。墙上有一块白板。我们的老师 Lee 小姐在白板上写字。""你书包里有什么?"Lily 问。"有一个铅笔盒、一本书、一把尺子。还有两支钢笔。""我喜欢你的教室。"Lily 说。"我也是!"Tom 说。
本课核心词:toy, ball, doll, car, kite, robot, teddy bear, ball, box, room, school, classroom, teacher, desk, chair, table, board, shelf, book, pen, pencil, pencil case, ruler, bag, wall, front, many

课文精讲 · 描述场景"两步走"

论Starters 版"描述房间公式"

第 1 步:单数用 There is。There is a big ball.(一个东西)

第 2 步:复数用 There are。There are two dolls.(两个以上)

考试怎么考:Starters 听力图话题问"教室里有什么"——用 There is a... / There are... 回答。读写看图写词最爱考"单复数选 is 还是 are"。

记
这一章要记住的 5 个句子

① There is a ball. 有一个球(单数)

② There are two dolls. 有两个洋娃娃(复数)

③ What's this? — It's a robot. 这是什么?— 是机器人

④ What's in your bag? — There is a book. 你书包里有什么?— 有一本书

⑤ You've got so many toys! 你玩具真多!

02

词汇延展 · 玩具与教室物品

Toys & Classroom Words
玩具词族按"玩具有什么"背;教室物品按"书包里/教室里"背。这些词天天见,指着实物说几遍就记住了。

两组词 · 玩具、教室(可参看「玩具教室」深化页)

Starters 第四单元词族
组核心词怎么用
玩具ball, doll, car, kite, robot, teddy bear, toy, box, bike, balloonI've got a ball. / There are two dolls.
文具(书包里)book, pen, pencil, pencil case, ruler, rubber, bag, schoolbagThere is a book in my bag.
教室物品desk, chair, table, board, shelf, teacher, classroom, school, wall, door, windowThere is a board on the wall.
位置小词in, on, under, front, here, there, manyin the bag / on the desk / under the chair
高频陷阱

① doll vs ball:doll 是"洋娃娃",ball 是"球"——两个词只差一个字母,看图别认错。

② pen vs pencil:pen 是"钢笔/签字笔",pencil 是"铅笔"。Starters 常放在一起考。

③ desk vs table:desk 是"书桌/课桌"(有抽屉、学习用),table 是"桌子"(餐桌、会议桌)。教室里的是 desk。

④ many 后面跟复数:so many toys(玩具复数)——many 不能接单数。

03

语法延展 · there is / there are

there is / there are
"这里有什么"用 there is/are:一个东西用 is,两个以上用 are。这是 Starters 看图描述场景的核心句型,也是 Movers 方位介词的前奏。

there is / there are 全家族

某处有某物
形式规则例子
单数肯定There is = There'sThere is a book on the desk.
复数肯定There areThere are two pens in the bag.
疑问Is there...? / Are there...?Is there a board? / Are there any books?
答句Yes, there is. / No, there aren't.Yes, there is. / No, there aren't.
最高频陷阱:is 还是 are

看后面的名词决定:后面是一个 → There is a book;后面是两个以上 → There are two books。

考试怎么考:Starters 读写:"There ___ three balls." 填 are。"There ___ a doll." 填 is。

there is 后面接单数名词,不看"有几个"的中文意思:There is a book. / There is one book.

方位小介词(Movers 预告)

in / on / under
介词意思例子
in在…里面The book is in the bag.
on在…上面The pen is on the desk.
under在…下面The ball is under the chair.

情景操练

即学即用

练习1(is/are):① There ___ a ball. ② There ___ two dolls. ③ There ___ three pens. ④ There ___ a book.

练习2(介词):① 书在书包 ___(in/on) ② 笔在桌子 ___(in/on) ③ 球在椅子 ___(under/on)

练习3(问答):"Is there a board in the classroom?" 肯定回答怎么说?

练习4(写自己的话):用 There is... / There are... 写 3 句描述你的书包里有什么。

查看参考答案
  • 练习1:① is ② are ③ are ④ is
  • 练习2:① in(书包里) ② on(桌子上) ③ under(椅子下)
  • 练习3:Yes, there is.
  • 练习4(示范):There is a book in my bag. There are two pens. There is a pencil case.
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功能句型 · 说教室里有什么

Describing a Classroom
"描述房间/教室"是 Starters 看图说话和听力图话题的必考。三套模板 + 考场对话。

三套句型模板(可参看「描述房间」深化页)

单数描述
There is a big table.
There is a book on the desk.
有一张大桌子。/桌子上有一本书。
考点:There is + a/an + 单数物品 + 位置。
复数描述
There are ten desks.
There are two pens in my bag.
有十张书桌。/我书包里有两支笔。
考点:There are + 数字 + 复数物品——数量大于 1 用 are。
问句与回答
Is there a board? — Yes, there is.
Are there any books? — Yes, there are.
有白板吗?— 有。/有书吗?— 有。
考点:Is there...? / Are there...?——看图问答的标准问句。

场景对话 · 考场实战

Examiner: Look at this picture of a classroom. What can you see?
Tom: There is a big table. There are ten chairs.
Examiner: Is there a board on the wall?
Tom: Yes, there is. The teacher writes on the board.
Examiner: What's in your bag?
Tom: There is a book, a pencil case, and a ruler. There are two pens too.
Examiner: Have you got any toys?
Tom: Yes, I have. There is a ball and two dolls in my toy box.
Examiner: Thank you, Tom. Well done! Goodbye!
考官:看这张教室的图。你能看到什么?/Tom:有一张大桌子。有十把椅子。/考官:墙上有白板吗?/Tom:有。老师在白板上写字。/考官:你书包里有什么?/Tom:有一本书、一个铅笔盒、一把尺子。还有两支笔。/考官:你有玩具吗?/Tom:有。我的玩具箱里有一个球和两个洋娃娃。/考官:谢谢你,Tom。做得好!再见!
得分点:① 单数用 There is、复数用 There are,分得清;② 会用 Is there...? 回答;③ 书包里、玩具箱里有什么都说得出来。这就是 Starters 看图说话的满分样。
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Starters 考点 · 玩具教室怎么考 + 自测

Exam Focus & Self-Test
玩具和教室是 Starters 听力图话题、读写看图选词、口语描述场景的"收官考点"。考点 + 8 题自测 + 接 Movers 说明。

考点分布表

第四单元考点
卷子题型示例应对策略
Listening Part 2听对话连线(谁有什么玩具)抓 have got + 玩具词
Listening Part 4听描述涂色/标位置there is/are + 方位
Reading & Writing Part 2看图选词(There ___ two books)is/are 看名词单复数
Reading & Writing Part 3写词(教室里的 b___)教室物品词拼写
Speaking Part 3描述一张教室/房间图There is... / There are...

本单元自测 · 8 题

Starters 第四单元自测

1(填空):There ___ a ball.(is/are)

2(填空):There ___ two dolls.(is/are)

3(介词):The book is ___ the bag.(in/on/under)

4(问答):"Is there a board?" 肯定回答怎么说?

5(辨认):"洋娃娃"和"球"分别是哪两个词?

6(听力):听到 "There are three pens on the desk." —— 桌上有几支笔?

7(改错):There is two books.

8(口语):用 There is... / There are... 描述你的书包里有什么。

查看参考答案
  • 1:is(a ball 单数)
  • 2:are(two dolls 复数)
  • 3:in(书包里用 in)
  • 4:Yes, there is.
  • 5:洋娃娃 = doll;球 = ball
  • 6:三支(three pens)
  • 7:There are two books(two books 复数用 are)
  • 8(示范):There is a book in my bag. There are two pens. There is a ruler.
自评:错 2 题以上,回第 3 章重读 there is/are 表。

接 Movers · 学完 Starters 之后

论Starters 教室 → Movers 学校,难度怎么长

词汇升级:Starters 认识 book/pen/desk;Movers 要会说 subject(科目)、break(课间)、homework(作业)、timetable(课程表)等学校词。

句子变长:Starters 用 There is a...;Movers 要加方位介词 in/on/under/behind,还要会说 "The book is under the chair."

语法加码:Starters 只考 there is/are 肯定;Movers 加现在进行时(The teacher is writing)、一般现在时三单(He goes to school)。

现在就做:打开 Movers Unit 1,把本单元的 there is/are 直接用在 Movers 的学校话题里——你会发现一半的句子你已经能读懂了。

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