CAE Unit 8 · 全球议题

It is often assumed that refugees must prove their worth before being welcomed. Were this principle applied consistently, however, few wealthy nations would have opened their doors in past decades. No sooner has a crisis displaced millions than the rhetoric tightens around who is deserving. It is not that borders are illegitimate; rather, that the language we use reveals more about our fears than about the people we discuss. Hardly a week passes without footage of families separated at checkpoints. Only by confronting this reality can we claim to act ethically. Were it not for the compassion of ordinary citizens, many would receive no aid at all. The question is never whether suffering exists, but whether we have the political will to share what we already have.

人们常以为难民必须先证明自己的价值才能被接纳。然而，要是这项原则被一以贯之地执行，过去几十年里几乎没有富裕国家会敞开大门。危机刚让数百万人流离失所，关于"谁配得上"的论调就收紧了。并不是边境不合法；而是我们使用的语言更多暴露了我们的恐惧，而非我们讨论的人。几乎没有哪一周不出现家庭在检查站被分离的画面。只有直面这一现实，我们才能声称自己行事合乎伦理。要不是普通公民的同情心，许多人根本得不到任何援助。问题从来不是苦难是否存在，而是我们有没有政治意愿去分享已有的东西。

本课核心词：refugee, worth, welcome, principle, displace, rhetoric, deserving, illegitimate, checkpoint, ethically, compassion, aid, political will

课文精讲 · C1 怎么把句子写学术

论为什么这段课文是 KWT 教材

原文结构：It is often assumed that... / Were this principle applied... / No sooner has a crisis...than... / Only by confronting...can we... / Were it not for...

KWT 套路 1 — 被动 it is assumed that：People assume that... → It is assumed that...。

KWT 套路 2 — 省略 if 倒装：If this principle were applied → Were this principle applied。

KWT 套路 3 — No sooner...than：A crisis had just happened when... → No sooner had a crisis...than...。

KWT 套路 4 — Only + 状语倒装：We can act ethically only by... → Only by...can we...。

KWT 套路 5 — Were it not for：Without compassion → Were it not for compassion。

记

这一章要记住的 5 个搭配

① displace millions 使数百万人流离失所

② open one's doors 敞开大门

③ confront reality 直面现实

④ act ethically 合乎伦理地行事

⑤ political will 政治意愿

词汇延展 · 贫困与治理词族

Poverty & Governance

C1 写全球议题不能只用 poor / help / war。要把贫困、援助、治理、流离四组学术词配齐。Part 3 爱考 poor→poverty, migrate→migration。

四组词族

全球议题词族（C1 高频）
组	核心词	搭配/备注
贫困发展	poverty, deprivation, inequality, prosperity, development, aid	extreme poverty 赤贫
流离迁徙	refugee, displaced, migration, asylum, immigrant, resettle	seek asylum 寻求庇护
治理外交	governance, treaty, diplomacy, sovereignty, sanction, humanitarian	humanitarian aid 人道援助
词族转换	poor→poverty; migrate→migration; govern→governance	Part 3 直接考词性

高频陷阱

① refugee vs migrant：refugee = 因战乱被迫逃离；migrant = 自愿迁徙。

② economic vs economical：economic = 经济的；economical = 节俭的。

③ sensible/sensitive，affect/effect 照旧。

④ rise/arise：problems arise；numbers rise。

语法延展 · Key Word Transformation 六大套路

KWT Strategies (Part 4)

Part 4 每题给一个关键词，用 2-5 个词完成第二句、意思不变。六大套路覆盖 CAE 全部语法点：被动、虚拟、倒装、分词、强调、连词替换。

KWT 六大套路

Part 4 应试框架
结构	规则	例子
① 被动/It is...that	People believe that... → It is believed that...	It is assumed that...
② 虚拟/省略 if	If it were not for... → Were it not for...	Were it not for aid...
③ 倒装	No sooner...than / Only by...can...	No sooner had crisis than...
④ 分词/名词化	After finishing... → Having finished... / The implementation of...	Having + p.p.
⑤ 强调/同义	It is...that / capable of / regardless of	It is fear that...
⑥ 连词替换	so→therefore / but→however / because→due to	due to + 名词

最高频陷阱

① 字数锁死 2-5 词：关键词本身计入字数，缩写（don't）算 2 词。

② 不能改原意：时态、单复数、否定要保留。

③ 空格填词组，不是单写关键词。

考试怎么考：每题 2 分，错一个小词（如 of/that）整题 0 分。

情景操练

即学即用

练习1（被动）：People assume that refugees are dangerous. KEY: IT → It ___ that refugees are dangerous.

练习2（省略 if）：Without aid, many would starve. KEY: NOT → ___ for aid, many would starve.

练习3（倒装）：We can help only by acting now. KEY: ONLY → Only ___ help by acting now.

练习4（No sooner）：The crisis had just begun when rhetoric tightened. KEY: NO → No sooner ___ than rhetoric tightened.

查看参考答案

练习1：is assumed（It is assumed that）
练习2：Were it not（Were it not for）
练习3：by acting now can we（Only by...can we）
练习4：had the crisis begun（No sooner had + 主语 + p.p.）

功能句型 · Report + 口语 Part 2

Reports & Global Picture Comparison

CAE Writing Part 2 常考 report（国际援助/发展项目）；口语 Part 2 对比两张全球议题图片。三套模板 + 考场对话。

三套句型模板

写 Report（援助）
It is recommended that ... (should) ... Were it not for ..., ... would ... The implementation of ... is advised

建议…／要不是…本会…／建议实施…

考点：KWT 套路用在报告的正式句，Part 2 用分词与衔接描述图片。

描述全球议题图片
Seen from ..., the image conveys ... Whereas the first shows ..., the second highlights ... What is striking is the contrast between ...

从…看，画面传达…／第一张展现…第二张凸显…／惊人的是…之间的对比

考点：KWT 套路用在报告的正式句，Part 2 用分词与衔接描述图片。

口语 Part 2 对比
The one on the left, unlike ..., suggests ... Whereas ..., the second ... The contrast could not be more marked.

左边那张与…不同，暗示…／而…第二张…／对比再鲜明不过

考点：KWT 套路用在报告的正式句，Part 2 用分词与衔接描述图片。

场景对话 · 口语 Part 2（对比两张全球议题图片）

Examiner: Compare these two images and say what challenges each shows. Student: The image on the left, unlike the one on the right, suggests prosperity: a modern city skyline. Whereas the first suggests opportunity, the second highlights deprivation—children queuing for aid. Seen from the viewpoint of a traveller, the contrast could not be more marked. What strikes me is not the difference in wealth, but the shared humanity beneath both scenes. Were it not for aid organisations, the second scene would be far grimmer than it is.

考官：比较这两张图片，说说各自展现什么挑战。／学生：左边那张与右边不同，暗示繁荣：现代城市天际线。第一张展现机会，第二张凸显匮乏——排队领援助的孩子。从旅行者视角看，对比再鲜明不过。打动我的不是财富差距，而是两个场景之下共通的人性。要不是援助组织，第二幕会比现在更惨淡。

得分点：① 分词开头（Seen from...）压缩背景；② Whereas 对比 + What strikes me 收口；③ 嵌了 Were it not for 虚拟——Part 2 高分标志。

CAE 考点 · 全球议题主题怎么考 + 自测

Exam Focus & Self-Test

全球议题主题横跨 CAE 四张卷子：阅读考国际发展/人道类文章、Use of English 考 KWT 全部套路、Writing Part 2 考 report、Speaking Part 2 对比全球图片。这是收官单元。考点 + 8 题自测。

考点分布表

全球议题主题考点
卷子/部分	题型示例	应对策略
Reading & Use Part 2	开放完形：倒装/虚拟/介词	KWT 套路识别
Reading & Use Part 3	词形转换：poor→poverty, migrate→migration	判断词性
Reading & Use Part 4	KWT：6 大套路综合	2–5 词，全语法点
Writing Part 2	Report：评估一个援助项目	It is recommended that + 虚拟
Speaking Part 2	对比两张全球议题图片	Seen from + Whereas + 虚拟

本单元自测 · 8 题

全球议题自测（KWT 收官）

1（KWT 被动）：People think the aid is too late. KEY: IT → It ___ that the aid is too late.

2（KWT 虚拟）：Without volunteers, the project would fail. KEY: NOT → ___ for volunteers, the project would fail.

3（KWT 倒装）：We can achieve this only by working together. KEY: ONLY → Only ___ achieve this by working together.

4（KWT No sooner）：The war had just ended when food arrived. KEY: NO → No sooner ___ than food arrived.

5（词形转换 Part 3）：___ is a global challenge. (poor)

6（易混）：A ___ seeks safety; a ___ moves for work. (refugee / migrant)

7（写作）：用 It is recommended that ... (should) ... 写一句 report。

8（口语）：用 Seen from..., ... / Whereas the first..., the second... 对比两张全球图片。

查看参考答案

is thought（It is thought that）
Were it not（Were it not for）
by working together can we（Only by...can we）
had the war ended（No sooner had + 主语 + p.p.）
Poverty（poor→poverty）
refugee / migrant
It is recommended that the organisation (should) expand aid to rural areas.
Seen from afar, the first image glows with prosperity. Whereas the second shows deprivation, it calls for action.

自评：错 2 题以上，回第 2、3 章重读词族表与语法表。

CAE 衔接 · KWT 之后是什么

论本单元到 C1 的进阶路径

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