TOEFL Junior · Unit 1 · A2

Unit 1 · 校园生活 School Life

本单元语法主线：一般现在/现在进行 + 频率副词。题型覆盖听力理解（校园对话/通知/讲座）、语言形式与含义（语法词汇四选一）、阅读理解（课文/广告/信件）。学完后建议进入 深化页：一般现在/现在进行 + 频率副词。

01 主题语篇 · Reading & Listening

My name is Daniel and I am an eighth-grader at Lincoln Middle School. Every weekday, I wake up at 6:30 and walk to school with my best friend, Ryan. Classes start at 8 o'clock. I usually have math, science, English and history before lunch. Right now, I am sitting in the cafeteria with Ryan. We are eating sandwiches and talking about the science test tomorrow. I am not worried because I study with my cousin every Wednesday afternoon. After school, I often play basketball on the playground, but today I am staying late because I am rehearsing for the school play. The bell rings at 3:30, and I always feel tired but happy when I get home.
我叫 Daniel，是林肯中学八年级的学生。每个工作日我 6:30 起床，和最好的朋友 Ryan 一起走路上学。8 点开始上课，午饭前我通常有数学、科学、英语和历史课。此刻我正和 Ryan 坐在食堂里，我们吃着三明治，聊着明天的科学测验。我不担心，因为我每周三下午都和表哥一起复习。放学后我经常在操场打篮球，但今天我要留到很晚，因为我在为校园话剧排练。3:30 铃响，我回到家时总是又累又开心。
核心词块：wake up, walk to school, cafeteria, sandwich, rehearse, playground, bell, tired, worried

02 词汇延展 · Word Expansion

校园设施
locker, cafeteria, playground, textbook, timetable, principal, gymnasium, library
locker 储物柜；cafeteria 食堂
课程作业
math, science, history, assignment, textbook, quiz, test, grade, homework
have math = 上数学课
校园活动
recess, rehearsal, school play, basketball practice, field trip, club
recess 课间休息（美式）
频率副词
always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never
放 be 后实义动词前
时间表达
every weekday, at 6:30, before lunch, after school, on Wednesday
具体时间点用 at

03 语法延展 · Grammar (A2 爬坡)

一般现在时
习惯、事实、规律
I walk to school every day. / Classes start at 8.
现在进行时
此刻正在发生
I am sitting in the cafeteria now.
频率副词位置
be 后实义动词前
I am usually late. / I often play basketball.
标志词
every day/usually vs now/right now
看到 now 就用进行时

⚠ 易错陷阱

  • ① 频率副词位置： always/often/usually 放在 be 动词后面（I am often late），实义动词前面（I often play）。别写 I play often。
  • ② 状态动词不用进行时： like/want/know/love 表状态，不用进行时。✗ I am knowing. → ✓ I know.
  • ③ every day 分写： every day 是副词短语（每天）；everyday 是形容词（日常的）。
  • 考试怎么考： Language Form 给 I ___ (eat) lunch right now. 看到 right now 填 am eating。

04 功能句型 · Functional Patterns

口语 Part 1 · 介绍校园日常
What time do you usually wake up?
I usually wake up at 6:30, but on weekends I sleep until 9.
How do you get to school?
I walk with my friend Ryan.
考官问日常习惯，用一般现在 + 频率副词答。
写作 · 校园邮件
I am writing to ask about the timetable.
I usually have six classes a day, and I am currently rehearsing for the school play.
邮件开头 I am writing to...；此刻正在做用现在进行。
听力 · 校园通知
Attention students: the cafeteria is closing early today.
Please finish your lunch by 12:30.
校园通知用现在进行表即将发生。

05 考点自测 · Self Check

1（填空）：
Listen! Someone ___ (play) the piano.
查看答案
is playing（Listen! 是进行时标志）
2（选择）：
I ___ basketball after school. A. play usually B. usually play C. usually plays
查看答案
B（频率副词放实义动词前）
3（填空）：
She ___ (not/walk) to school every day.
查看答案
doesn't walk（every day 一般现在，She 三单）
4（改错）：
I am knowing the answer.
查看答案
I know the answer（know 状态动词不用进行时）
5（易混）：
I ___ get up at 7, but today at 6. (usually / am usually)
查看答案
usually（放实义动词前）
6（场景）：
用英语说你此刻正在做什么（2 句，现在进行）。
查看答案
示范：I am sitting at my desk. I am writing an email.
7（听力）：
The bell ___ (ring) in five minutes. 填什么？
查看答案
is going to ring / will ring（in five minutes 表将来）
8（写作）：
写 3 句你的校园日常（至少 2 个频率副词）。
查看答案
示范：I usually wake up at 6:30. I often walk to school. I sometimes play basketball after class.

06 拓展阅读 · Extended Passage（听力原稿风格）

Hi, my name is Sarah and I am in seventh grade. I go to Lincoln Middle School. My favorite subject is English because our teacher, Ms. Davis, always tells us funny stories. I have lunch at 12:15 with my best friend Emma. We usually share our food. Emma often brings sandwiches, and I sometimes bring fruit. After lunch, we have recess for twenty minutes. I usually play on the swings, and Emma likes to draw on the sidewalk. School finishes at 3:00, but I stay until 4:00 because I am in the art club. On Mondays and Wednesdays, I have piano lessons after school. I do not like getting up early on schooldays, but I love the weekends. On Saturdays, I often sleep until 9 o'clock. What about you? What is a typical school day like for you?
你好，我叫 Sarah，上七年级。我在林肯中学。我最喜欢的科目是英语，因为我们的老师 Davis 女士总给我们讲好玩的故事。我 12:15 和最好的朋友 Emma 一起吃午饭。我们通常分享食物。Emma 常带三明治，我有时带水果。午饭后我们有二十分钟课间休息。我通常荡秋千，Emma 喜欢在人行道上画画。学校 3 点放学，但我待到 4 点，因为我参加美术社。周一和周三放学后我上钢琴课。我不喜欢上学日早起，但我喜欢周末。周六我常睡到 9 点。你呢？你典型的上学日是什么样的？

07 可直接套用句型（10 句）

  • What time do you usually wake up? — I usually wake up at 6:30.
  • How do you get to school? — I walk / take the bus / ride my bike.
  • What is your favorite subject? Why? — My favorite subject is English because...
  • I usually study with my cousin every Wednesday afternoon.
  • Right now, I am sitting in the cafeteria and talking with my friend.
  • I do not worry about the test because I study hard.
  • After school, I often play basketball on the playground.
  • The bell rings at 3:30, and I always feel tired but happy.
  • On weekends, I sleep until 9 o'clock.
  • We share our food at lunchtime every day.

08 加练 6 题（含答案）

9（填空）：
She ___ (go) to school by bus every day.
查看答案
goes（every day 一般现在，she 三单）
10（选择）：
Look! The students ___ in the playground. A. run B. are running C. runs
查看答案
B（Look! 此刻正在）
11（填空）：
I ___ (not / like) getting up early.
查看答案
don't like（一般现在否定）
12（改错）：
He often play basketball after school.
查看答案
He often plays（he 三单）
13（场景）
用英语描述你每天早上做什么（一般现在 + 频率副词）。
查看答案
示范：I usually wake up at 7, brush my teeth, and eat breakfast.
14（听力）：
Right now, she ___ (draw) on the sidewalk.
查看答案
is drawing（right now 现在进行）

09 听力原稿精听（Listening Script）

M: Hey, are you going to the school fair this Saturday? W: I am not sure. I have a lot of homework this week. M: But the fair only happens once a year. There will be games, food, and a concert in the afternoon. W: Really? What time does it start? M: It starts at ten in the morning. The concert begins at three. W: How much is the ticket? M: It is five dollars for students, and eight for adults. Half price if you bring a food donation. W: That sounds like a good deal. I will ask my mom. Maybe I can finish my homework on Friday night. M: Great! Let me know. I will save you a ticket. W: Thanks. See you on Saturday, hopefully. M: See you!
男：嘿，这周六你去学校游园会吗？ 女：不确定。我这周作业很多。 男：但游园会一年才一次。有游戏、食物，下午还有音乐会。 女：真的？几点开始？ 男：上午十点开始。音乐会三点开始。 女：票多少钱？ 男：学生五美元，成人八美元。带食物捐赠半价。 女：听起来挺值。我问问我妈。也许我周五晚上能写完作业。 男：好！告诉我。我给你留张票。 女：谢谢。周六见，希望能去。 男：再见！
精听要点：抓时间（ten / three）、价格（five / eight / half price）、条件（if you bring / if you finish）。小托福听力题常考"他/她最后决定去不去"——听最后两句。

10 词汇例句扩展（每词配一句）

academic
The new library has more academic books than last year.
academic adj. 学术的
assignment
Our English teacher gave us a writing assignment.
assignment n. 作业
schedule
Check the schedule to see when the bus leaves.
schedule n. 时间表
opportunity
This trip is a great opportunity to practice English.
opportunity n. 机会
experience
Working on the farm was an unforgettable experience.
experience n. 经历；经验
improve
Reading every day will improve your vocabulary.
improve v. 提高
challenge
Learning a new language is a big challenge.
challenge n. 挑战
achieve
If you work hard, you will achieve your goal.
achieve v. 实现

11 写作范文（Email / Notice）

Dear classmates, We are going to have a class party next Friday after school. It will be in Room 301. We will have snacks, music, and games. Please bring one dish to share. If you cannot come, please tell me by Wednesday. We also need three volunteers to help clean the room after the party. If you are interested, please write to me. I hope to see everyone there! Best, Linda
亲爱的同学们： 下周五放学后我们要办班级派对，在 301 教室。有零食、音乐和游戏。请带一道菜分享。如果不能来，请周三前告诉我。 我们还需要三名志愿者派对后帮忙打扫。有兴趣请写信给我。 希望大家都来！ Linda 敬上
小托福写作常考"写邮件通知某事"。结构：开头点明目的 → 时间地点活动 → 要求/邀请 → 结尾。用一般现在时通知安排，用 will 说将要发生的事。

12 阅读广告/信件类真题风格

SUMMER CAMP 2026
Where: Green Lake Park, 20 km from the city center
When: July 10 – July 24 (two weeks)
Who: Students aged 11–15
Activities: swimming, hiking, arts and crafts, team games, movie nights
Price: $250 per student (meals and bus included)
Sign up: before June 30 at the school office. Spaces are limited to 40 students.
For more information, ask Mr. Brown in Room 205.
2026 夏令营
地点：绿湖公园，距市中心 20 公里
时间：7 月 10 日 – 7 月 24 日（两周）
对象：11–15 岁学生
活动：游泳、徒步、手工、团队游戏、电影之夜
费用：每人 250 美元（含餐食和大巴）
报名：6 月 30 日前到教务处。名额限 40 人。
详情问 205 室 Brown 老师。
阅读理解题示例：Q: How long is the camp? A: Two weeks. Q: What is the price? A: $250. Q: Where do you sign up? A: At the school office. 小托福阅读广告题就考这种细节定位。

13 小托福题型答题技巧（4 条）

📌 应试策略

  • 听力：听前先读选项，猜话题。听第二个人的回答，往往答案就在那里。
  • 语言形式：先找时间标志词（yesterday / every day / already），定时态再选变形。
  • 阅读：先读题，带着问题回原文定位。广告/通知类直接找数字和地点。
  • 时间管理：不会的题先跳过，做完有时间再回来。别在一道题上卡 5 分钟。

14 单元小结与下一步

✅ 学完本单元你应该能：

  • 听懂校园对话中关于时间、地点、价格的关键信息。
  • 在四选一语法题中正确选择动词时态/变形。
  • 读懂广告、通知、简短信件并提取细节。
  • 用本单元句型写 3–5 句连贯的英文邮件或段落。
下一步：进入对应 知识深化页（左侧导航或文末链接），把语法点的规则、变形、易错点彻底吃透；然后回到本页重做题，直到全部答对。12 单元按 A2→B2 顺序推进，不要跳级。

15 本单元高频词自测（10 词中译英）

  1. 闹钟响了。 → The bell ___.
  2. 我走路上学。 → I ___ to school.
  3. 她正在吃饭。 → She ___ right now.
  4. 我们去年去了北京。 → We ___ to Beijing last year.
  5. 这是我见过最好的电影。 → It is the ___ film I have ever seen.
  6. 明天会下雨。 → It ___ rain tomorrow.
  7. 我已经完成作业了。 → I ___ my homework already.
  8. 你应该多喝水。 → You ___ drink more water.
  9. 正在说话的女孩是我妹妹。 → The girl ___ is speaking is my sister.
  10. 如果明天下雨，我们就待在家。 → If it ___ tomorrow, we will stay home.
参考答案
1. rings 2. walk 3. is eating 4. went 5. best 6. will 7. have finished 8. should 9. who 10. rains
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