YLE Flyers 单元 4 · Food & Drinks

这个单元有 5 章:主题课文"Leo 的生日聚餐"、词汇延展(食物词族 + 饮料词)、语法延展(可数/不可数 + some/any + many/much)、功能句型(点餐与表达喜好)、Flyers 考点与自测。

学完你能:用 80+ 食物词说出一餐饭吃什么;分清 apple(可数)和 water(不可数);some/any、many/much 四组量词一次不混——然后直接接上 KET 的"点餐与食物"话题。

预计时间:1 周。

衔接说明:食物是 Flyers 听力 Part 1 和口语点餐的最高频话题,可数/不可数更是 KET 读写完形的"必考题"。这一单元把量词家族一次讲透。

本单元思维导图 · 从食物词到可数不可数

食物单元 = 食物词族 + 可数/不可数 + some/any/many/much。课文带你看 Leo 十岁生日聚餐,词汇按"主食/水果蔬菜/饮料/快餐"分组,语法攻克"几个苹果"和"多少水"。

第1章 课文
生日聚餐
→
第2章 词汇
食物词族
→
第3章 语法
可数不可数 + 量词
→
第4章 句型
点餐与喜好
→
第5章 考点
自测 + KET 衔接
读法:课文三遍 → 词族背 → 量词造句 → 点餐对话 → 自测。每章旁绿色"一键作业"可单独出题。
01

主题课文 · Leo 的生日聚餐

Leo's Birthday Party
原创课文,场景:Leo 十岁生日,请了同学来家里吃饭,桌上摆满了食物。这是 Flyers 听力 Part 1"听食物选图"和口语点餐的经典话题。注意加粗的 some/any/much/many——第 3 章逐个拆。

课文 · The Birthday Table

Today is my tenth birthday! We're having a party at home. Look at the table! There are some sandwiches and a big pizza. There are also some apples and bananas, but there aren't any oranges — we haven't got any. My mum made a chocolate cake. There isn't much milk, but there's some juice and a lot of cola. My friend Mia doesn't eat meat, so there are some vegetable burgers for her. We haven't got many sweets, but we've got a big bowl of fruit. I want some cola, but my mum says, "Don't drink too much cola! Have some juice." There are ten children here, so there's a lot of food! We're all very hungry and very happy.
今天是我十岁生日!我们正在家里办派对。看桌子!有一些三明治和一个大披萨。还有一些苹果和香蕉,但没有橙子——我们一个都没有。我妈妈做了一个巧克力蛋糕。牛奶不多了,但有一些果汁和很多可乐。我朋友 Mia 不吃肉,所以给她准备了一些蔬菜汉堡。糖果不多了,但我们有一大碗水果。我想要些可乐,但妈妈说:"别喝太多可乐!喝点果汁吧。"这里有十个孩子,所以有好多吃的!我们都饿坏了,也超开心。
本课核心词:sandwich, pizza, apple, banana, orange, cake, milk, juice, cola, meat, burger, sweet, fruit, bread, rice, water, tea, coffee, some, any, much, many, a lot of

课文精讲 · 三句话"餐桌上有什么"

论Flyers 餐桌描述公式

第 1 句:有什么(肯定)。There are some sandwiches. / There is some juice.(some + 复数/不可数)

第 2 句:没有什么(否定)。There aren't any oranges. / There isn't much milk.(any 用于否定)

第 3 句:有多少。We haven't got many sweets. There's a lot of food.(many+可数复数,much+不可数)

考试怎么考:Flyers 听力 Part 1 让你"听着对话选桌上有什么/没有什么",读写完形考 some/any/many/much——这套三句话公式就是考点本身。

记
这一章要记住的 5 个搭配

① have a party 办派对

② a bowl of fruit 一碗水果(a bowl of + 不可数)

③ too much cola 太多可乐(too much + 不可数)

④ a lot of food 很多食物(肯定句替换 many/much)

⑤ be hungry 饿(不用 hungry for)

02

词汇延展 · 食物词族

Food & Drink Words
食物词族按"主食与肉/水果蔬菜/饮料/零食快餐"四组背。更重要的是边背边标"可数还是不可数"——这是第 3 章语法的地基。

四组词族 · 主食、果蔬、饮料、零食

(可参看「食物词族」深化页)
食物词族(Flyers 高频)
组核心词可数/不可数
主食与肉bread, rice, meat, chicken, fish, burger, sandwich, pizzabread/rice/meat 不可数;sandwich/burger 可数
水果与蔬菜apple, banana, orange, pear, grape, tomato, potato, carrot全可数(one apple / two apples)
饮料water, milk, juice, cola, tea, coffee, lemonade全不可数(a glass of water)
零食与甜点cake, sweet, chocolate, ice cream, biscuit, candycake/chocolate 可不可数均可;sweet 可数
高频陷阱

① bread/rice/meat 不可数:不能说 a bread、two rices。要计量用 a piece of bread、a bowl of rice。

② chicken 一词两义:chicken 表示"鸡肉"不可数(some chicken);表示"小鸡"可数(two chickens)。

③ fish 一词两义:fish 表示"鱼肉"不可数;表示"鱼"可数且单复数同形(two fish)。

④ 复数拼写:sandwich→sandwiches、potato→potatoes、tomato→tomatoes(加 -es)。

03

语法延展 · 可数/不可数与 some/any/many/much

Countable & Uncountable
"几个苹果"和"多少水"是 Flyers 读写完形的必考点,也是 KET 量词家族的起点。这一章把可数/不可数 + some/any + many/much + a lot of 一次拿下。

可数 vs 不可数

可数名词 vs 不可数名词
可数名词不可数名词
能不能数能:one apple, two apples不能:water(不能说 two waters)
单数搭配an apple / a sandwichsome water / a glass of water
复数搭配some apples / many applessome water / much water
be 动词There is an apple. / There are apples.There is some water.
例子apple, burger, sweet, egg, tomatobread, rice, milk, juice, meat
最高频陷阱:不可数名词当单数用

不可数名词后面动词用单数:There is some milk(不是 are)。Milk is cold。

不可数名词不能加 -s:不能说 milks、breads、rices。要"几份"用计量词:a glass of milk、two pieces of bread。

考试怎么考:Flyers 完形:"There ___ some juice on the table." 填 is(不是 are)。

some / any / many / much / a lot of

量词五兄弟
量词用在哪例子
some肯定句 + 可数复数/不可数There are some apples. / some juice.
any否定句/疑问句 + 可数复数/不可数There aren't any oranges. / Is there any milk?
many可数复数(疑问/否定多用)How many sweets? / not many apples
much不可数(疑问/否定多用)How much milk? / not much cola
a lot of肯定句,可数不可数都行a lot of apples / a lot of food
易混陷阱

① some 也可用于"请求/邀请"的疑问句:Would you like some tea?(期待对方说 yes)

② How many + 复数,How much + 不可数:How many apples? / How much water?

③ many/much 在肯定句里偏正式:口语肯定句爱用 a lot of——I've got a lot of friends.

情景操练

即学即用

练习1(some/any):① There are ___ apples on the table.(some/any) ② There aren't ___ oranges.(some/any) ③ Would you like ___ tea?

练习2(many/much):① How ___ sandwiches? ② How ___ milk? ③ There isn't ___ cola. ④ There are ___ bananas.(很多)

练习3(is/are):① There ___ some juice. ② There ___ some apples. ③ There ___ a lot of food.

练习4(写自己的话):用 There is some... / There aren't any... 写 3 句你家冰箱里有什么/没什么。

查看参考答案
  • 练习1:① some ② any ③ some
  • 练习2:① many ② much ③ much ④ a lot of
  • 练习3:① is ② are ③ is(food 不可数)
  • 练习4(示范):There is some milk in the fridge. There are some eggs. There aren't any oranges.
04

功能句型 · 点餐与表达喜好

Ordering Food & Likes
"点餐/表达想吃什么"是 Flyers 口语 Part 2 购物餐饮场景的必考任务,也是 KET 口语的常见话题。三套模板 + 考场对话。

三套句型模板

(可参看「点餐用餐句型」深化页)
点餐与要饮料
I'd like a hamburger, please.
Can I have some orange juice, please?
我要一个汉堡,谢谢。/请给我一些橙汁好吗?
考点:I'd like... / Can I have...?——Flyers 点餐礼貌句,please 别忘。
表达喜欢与不喜欢
I like apples, but I don't like oranges.
I love chocolate cake! It's delicious.
我喜欢苹果,但我不喜欢橙子。/我超爱巧克力蛋糕!它太好吃了。
考点:like/don't like + 食物;but 表转折——Flyers 表达喜好的黄金组合。
问答练习
What would you like? → I'd like a pizza.
Would you like some tea? → Yes, please. / No, thank you.
Is there any milk? → Yes, there's some. / No, there isn't any.
你想要什么?→ 我要一个披萨。/你要点茶吗?→ 好的,谢谢/不了,谢谢。/还有牛奶吗?→ 还有一些/没有了。
考点:What would you like? / Would you like...? / Is there any...?——Flyers 餐饮场景三大必问题。

场景对话 · 考场实战

Waiter: Good morning! What would you like?
Leo: I'd like a cheese burger and some chips, please.
Waiter: Would you like something to drink?
Leo: Can I have some apple juice, please?
Waiter: Sure. Is that all?
Leo: Yes. Oh, wait — have you got any ice cream?
Waiter: Yes, we've got chocolate and strawberry.
Leo: I'd like a chocolate ice cream, please.
Waiter: Here you are. Enjoy your meal!
服务员:早上好!您要点什么?/Leo:请给我一个芝士汉堡和一些薯条。/服务员:要喝点什么吗?/Leo:请给我一些苹果汁。/服务员:好的。就这些吗?/Leo:是的。哦,等一下——你们有冰淇淋吗?/服务员:有,巧克力和草莓味。/Leo:请给我一个巧克力冰淇淋。/服务员:给您。请慢用!
得分点:① I'd like... / Can I have...? 点餐礼貌句全用对;② something to drink / Is that all? 餐厅常用句听懂会答;③ please 每句礼貌收尾;④ 点餐时 some + 不可数/复数用得自然。
05

Flyers 考点 · 食物主题怎么考 + 自测

Exam Focus & KET Bridge
食物主题横跨 Flyers 全部三张卷子,可数/不可数更是 KET 读写完形的"必考题"。考点 + 8 题自测 + 衔接练习。

考点分布表

食物主题考点
卷子题型示例应对策略
Listening Part 1听点餐选食物/数量抓 some/any + 食物词
Reading Part 2看图选词(餐桌/厨房场景)食物词族直接选
Reading Part 5完形:some/any、much/many、is/are肯定用 some,否定疑问用 any
Writing Part 7看图写 2 句(菜单/餐桌场景)There is some... / There are some...
Speaking Part 2餐厅点餐I'd like... / Can I have...? + please

本单元自测 · 8 题

Flyers 食物主题自测

1(填空):There aren't ___ oranges.(some/any)

2(选择):How ___ milk do you want? A. many B. much C. a lot of

3(is/are):There ___ some bread on the plate.

4(改错):There are some milk in the glass.

5(可数不可数):写出计量词:一___ water / 两___ bread / 三___ apples

6(阅读判断):"We haven't got many sweets." —— 糖果很多。 A. True B. False C. Not given

7(写作):写 2 句你的冰箱:There is some... / There aren't any...

8(口语):扮演餐厅点餐:点一个主食 + 一杯饮料,用 I'd like... / Can I have...?

查看参考答案
  • 1:any(否定句用 any)
  • 2:B(milk 不可数用 much)
  • 3:is(bread 不可数)
  • 4:There is some milk(milk 不可数用 is)
  • 5:glass/bottle of;pieces of;(数字直接加)apples
  • 6:B(haven't got many = 不多)
  • 7(示范):There is some juice in the fridge. There aren't any oranges.
  • 8(示范):I'd like a hamburger, please. Can I have some apple juice?
自评:错 2 题以上,回第 2、3 章重读词族和量词表。

KET 衔接 · 同一话题的两级进阶

论Flyers 食物 → KET 点餐,难度怎么长

词汇升级:Flyers 认识 apple/juice/burger;KET 要会拼写 + 会用 recipe、ingredient、vegetarian、bill 等餐厅与饮食搭配。

句子变长:Flyers 三句话公式(有什么/没什么/多少);KET 要加偏好理由(I'd prefer tea because...)、加订餐细节(a table for two)。

语法加码:Flyers 只考 some/any/many/much;KET 加 a few/a little 辨析、how much 问价格、不可数名词的量词体系全面化。

现在就做:翻开菜单(或家里的冰箱),用 There is some... / There are some... / There aren't any... 各写一句——写对了,KET 的食物话题你就有底子了。

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