8. 转述建议：suggested (that) I (should) go / advised me to go。
9. 转述命令：ordered / told sb to do sth。
用法速查：规则与例句对照
时态倒退表（主句为过去时）
直接引语
间接引语
例句变化
一般现在时
一般过去时
"I am tired." → He said he was tired.
现在进行时
过去进行时
"I am reading." → She said she was reading.
一般过去时
过去完成时
"I saw it." → He said he had seen it.
现在完成时
过去完成时
"I have finished." → She said she had finished.
will
would
"I will call." → He said he would call.
can / may
could / might
"I can swim." → She said she could swim.
四种句式转换
原句类型
引导词
例句
陈述句
that（可省）
He said (that) he was busy.
一般疑问句
if / whether
She asked me if I lived here.
特殊疑问句
原疑问词
He asked me where I worked.
祈使句
tell/ask sb (not) to do
The teacher told us to be quiet.
高频转述句速记
英文例句
中文
He said he was tired.
他说他累了。
She said she would call me.
她说会打给我。
Tom asked if I lived here.
汤姆问我是否住这。
She asked me where I worked.
她问我在哪上班。
He told me to open the door.
他叫我开门。
Mum told me not to be late.
妈妈叫我别迟到。
They said they had finished.
他们说做完了。
She asked what time it was.
她问几点了。
考点清单（FCE）
考点
常见考法
时态倒退
补全间接引语时态
人称变化
I/we 随视角改 he/they
if/whether
一般疑问句转述
陈述语序
特殊疑问句不倒装
tell sb to do
祈使句转换
say vs tell
say 后不直接加人
时间指示词
now→then, today→that day
真理不倒退
客观事实用一般现在时
易混点辨析
表达
区别
say / tell
say 不直接加人；tell 必须加人
ask / ask for
ask 提问；ask for 请求要某物
if / whether
一般可互换；or not 前多用 whether
now / then
转述 now 变 then
today / that day
转述时间词相应后移
真理 / 普通事实
真理不倒退，普通事实要倒退
感叹句转述
He exclaimed that it was beautiful.
yes/no 转述
She agreed / refused.
转述命令升调
He told me to wait.
完成时倒退
have done → had done
过去完成时不变
had done 保持 had done
转述情态动词
can→could, may→might, must→had to
例句精讲
She said, "I am going to the cinema." → She said (that) she was going to the cinema.
她说她要去看电影。（am→was，I→she）
He asked me, "Do you like coffee?" → He asked me if I liked coffee.
他问我喜不喜欢咖啡。（一般疑问句用 if，语序改陈述）
Mum said to me, "Don't be late." → Mum told me not to be late.
妈妈叫我别迟到。（祈使句否定 = tell sb not to do）
防坑三则① 间接引语用陈述语序：问句转过来不能再倒装——不说 He asked me where did I live，要说 where I lived。 ② say 后面不能直接加人：要说 He said to me… 或 He told me…；tell 后必须加人。 ③ 客观真理不倒退：The teacher said the earth goes around the sun.（科学事实用一般现在时）。
补充对照
指示词与时间的常见变化
直接引语
间接引语
例
this
that
this book → that book
here
there
come here → go there
now
then
now → then
today
that day
today → that day
yesterday
the day before
yesterday → the day before
come
go
come → go（视视角）
中国学生高频错误诊断
错误 1：问句仍倒装 ✗ He asked me where did I live. → ✓ He asked me where I lived. 间接问句用陈述语序。
错误 2：say 后直接加人 ✗ He said me that… → ✓ He told me that… / He said to me that… tell 后必须加人。
错误 3：真理也倒退 ✗ The teacher said the earth went around the sun. → ✓ …the earth goes around the sun. 客观真理不倒退。
记忆口诀
三句口诀① 主句过去时，从句退一格，人称跟着转述视角走。② 一般疑问用 if，特殊疑问用原词，全部改成陈述序。③ 祈使变 tell sb to do，客观真理不退让。
口语跟读：说出来才算会
跟读 · 互译练习
直接："I am tired." → 转述：He said he was tired.
直接："Do you like tea?" → 转述：She asked me if I liked tea.
直接："Where do you live?" → 转述：He asked me where I lived.
挑战：把一句妈妈对你说的话，转述给同学听。
自测三题（点击按钮对答案）
basic转间接引语："I like music," she said. → She said (that) she ___ music.
liked。一般现在倒退为一般过去，I→she。
mid转间接引语："Where do you live?" he asked me. → He asked me where ___ .
I lived。特殊疑问句用陈述语序，不倒装，do 消失。
hard转间接引语："Please close the door," Tom said to me. → Tom told me ___ the door.