第一课的小目标学完这一课，你要能做到三件事：① 判断真实可能还是虚拟假设；② 记住 if 从句用现在时表将来（不加 will）；③ 写一句真实 + 一句虚拟。
② 一图看懂全课（思维导图）
这张图就是本课的完整地图：条件句 总共 5 大块，先有地图再走路，学起来不迷路。
条件句 完整体系
→
第一类真实
If+现在时
will+原形
真可能
→
第二类虚拟
If+过去时
would+原形
不太可能
→
be 动词
If I were you
were 虚拟
→
逗号
从句前加逗号
主句后不加
→
PET 考点
写作环保
口语假设
Part 5 完形
读法：从根出发，5 大块顺序走。每块下面是小节点，全记住你这一课就通关了。
③ 先认识它：两类条件句差在哪
一句话：第一类说"真有可能发生的事"，第二类说"和现实相反/不太可能的想象"。
Unit 7：If we reach 300 names, we will present it.（真可能凑够签名 → 第一类）；If everyone used a bottle, we would save thousands.（假设人人都用 → 第二类）。
为什么环保话题必考谈"如果人人都……世界会……"，第一类讲真实趋势、第二类讲虚拟效果，写作 Part 6 高分句型。
if 从句不能用 will✗ If it will rain... → ✓ If it rains...（if 引导的从句用现在时表将来）。
从 KET 到 PET 的进阶提醒KET（A2）要求"能认出、能填对"；PET（B1）要求"会用、会说、会写"。同一个知识点，A2 只考单选，B1 还要你在 email 和口语里主动输出。所以这一课别停留在"看懂"，一定要把第 ⑧ΣA; 部分的句子大声说出来、写一遍。评分也更严：语法错一个、漏一个要点，写作分就往下掉一档。
④ 两类条件句对照表
结构对照
类型
结构
例句
第一类（真实）
If + 现在时, will + 原形
If it rains, we will stay home.
第二类（虚拟）
If + 过去时, would + 原形
If I won the lottery, I would buy a house.
第二类 be 动词
If I/he/she were
If I were you, I would tell her.
否定
If + not, won't / wouldn't
If it doesn't rain, we will go out.
逗号规则
顺序
标点
If 从句在前
主句前加逗号：If it rains, we will stay.
主句在前
不加逗号：We will stay if it rains.
时态别乱搭第一类：✗ If we will reach → ✓ If we reach。第二类：✗ If everyone uses... we would save → ✓ If everyone used... we would save。
⑤ 五类用法场景（配图记忆）
场景
例句
类型
1 明天可能下雨
If it rains, we will cancel the picnic.
第一类
2 给虚拟建议
If I were you, I would recycle more.
第二类
3 不太可能的想象
If I had a million pounds, I would plant a forest.
第二类
4 真实环保呼吁
If we reduce plastic, the sea will be cleaner.
第一类
5 驳论
If everyone thought like that, nothing would change.
第二类
What would you do if...?口语 Part 3/4 高频问法：What would you do if you found a wallet? 回答用 If I found..., I would...
⑥ 中国学生 5 大高频错误诊断
错误 1：if 从句用 will ✗ If it will rain, we won't go. → ✓ If it rains, we won't go. if 从句用现在时表将来。
错误 2：第二类时态乱搭 ✗ If I would have money, I would buy. → ✓ If I had money, I would buy. if 从句用过去时。
错误 3：If I was you（写作） ✓ If I were you, I would...（写作推荐 were）。
错误 4：主句漏 will/would ✗ If it rains, we stay home. → ✓ we will stay home. 第一类主句 will + 原形。
错误 5：逗号位置错 ✗ We will go out, if it doesn't rain. → 主句在前不加逗号：We will go out if it doesn't rain.
⑦ PET 考点与真题演练
题型
怎么考
应对
Reading Part 5 完形
挖 if 从句动词时态
真可能→现在；虚拟→过去
Writing Part 6 email
谈环保/假设
第一类讲趋势、第二类驳论
Speaking Part 3/4
What would you do if...?
If I did..., I would...
Listening Part 2
听条件/计划
抓 if + will/would
真题风格演练（PET 出题方式）
真题风格 · PET Reading Part 5 完形If we (1) ______ (use) reusable bottles, we (2) ______ (save) thousands. If everyone (3) ______ (recycle), the world (4) ______ (be) cleaner.
(1) use（第一类真实呼吁）；(2) will save；(3) recycled（第二类虚拟）；(4) would be。
真题风格 · PET Speaking Part 4考官：What would you do if you found a wallet in the street?
参考：If I found a wallet, I would take it to the police station. I wouldn't keep the money.
真题风格 · PET Writing Part 6 email写一句真实环保呼吁 + 一句虚拟想象。
参考：If we turn off lights, we will save energy. If everyone did this, we would reduce our carbon footprint a lot.
考场提分提醒完形先判断"真可能还是想象"：明天/今年能发生的用第一类（现在+will）；假设、做梦、If I were you 用第二类（过去+would）。写作环保 email 两类各用一句，立刻上 B1 档次。
PET（B1）四部分速查
部分
时间
题量
与本课关系
Reading & Writing
1 小时 45 分
阅读 5 部分 + 写作 2 题
本课语法/词汇是 Part 5 完形与 Part 6 email 的得分点
Listening
约 12 分钟
4 部分，听两遍
抓本课信号词即可定位答案
Speaking
10-12 分钟
4 部分（含搭档）
本课背诵句直接用于 Part 2 独白与 Part 3 讨论
写作 Part 6 email 要求约 100 词、必须覆盖题目三个要点；口语 Part 2 个人独白约 1-2 分钟，Part 3 要和搭档互动（附和、提问、商量），不能各说各话。
4. If we ___ plastic, the sea will be cleaner. 如果我们减少塑料，海会更干净。
5. If you ___ hard, you will pass. 如果你努力，你就会通过。
6. What would you ___ if you won? 如果你赢了，你会做什么？
7. If it doesn't ___, we will go out. 如果不下雨，我们就出去。
8. If everyone ___, nothing would change. 如果人人都这么想，什么都不会变。
9. I will call you if I ___ time. 如果我有空，我会打电话给你。
10. If I ___ a bird, I would fly. 如果我是一只鸟，我就会飞。
谈环保假设（PET Speaking Part 3 协作讨论直接套）
If we start a recycling club, we will help our school. If every student brought a reusable bottle, we would save hundreds of plastic bottles. If I were the head teacher, I would ban single-use plastic in the canteen. Small steps, but they will make a difference.
ΣA; 口语练习：说出来才算会
PET Writing Part 1 email 万能开头/结尾（约 100 词三段式）开头：Hi Tom, thanks for your email — it was great to hear from you! 中间：题目给的三个要点，每个一句，用上本课语法/词汇。结尾：Write soon and tell me your news! Best wishes, Leo. 记住：三个要点缺一不可，否则扣分。
练习 A · 跟读（2 分钟）
跟着上面背诵卡读 3 遍：第一遍慢读看发音，第二遍正常速度，第三遍不看文字凭记忆说。
PET Speaking Part 2 个人独白万能开头/结尾（1-2 分钟）开头：I'd like to talk about... / The thing I want to tell you about is...；中间用 First of all... Also... But I think... 串两三个点；结尾：So, that's why I like it. Thank you for listening. 记住：别只说一句，要给例子、给理由，撑满 1 分钟。
练习 B · 自我对话（3 分钟）
Q: What will you do if it rains tomorrow? → A: If it rains, I will stay home.
Q: What would you do if you won the lottery? → A: If I won, I would buy a house.
Q: What advice? → A: If I were you, I would say sorry.
练习 C · 挑战（2 分钟）
不用稿子，说一句真实计划（If I..., I will...）+ 一句虚拟想象（If I..., I would...）。
口语评分自查说完后对 3 条：① if 从句用现在时还是过去时对吗？② 主句有 will/would 吗？③ If I were you 的 were 对吗？
考场示范对话（读熟就能套）
Examiner: What would you do to help the environment? You: If I were the head teacher, I would ban single-use plastic. If we reduce waste, our school will be greener.