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知识点深化 · cpe-02 · 省略与替代

省略与替代:C2 怎样让句子不啰嗦又不歧义

C2 写作口语讲究简洁:用 do/so/not 替代整句,用省略避免重复。这是 CPE Reading 与 Writing 的隐性评分点。

① 这一课怎么学(4 步走)

总用时约 70 分钟,拆成 4 步,一步都别跳:

1读(18 分钟)
先看第②③④部分:先分清「替代词 do/so/not」替的是什么,再看对话与并列中的省略规则。
2练(18 分钟)
做第⑩部分的分层练习,错了就回头看对应规则,把错因写下来。
3背(17 分钟)
背第⑧部分背诵卡,背到脱口而出。
4说(17 分钟)
做第⑨部分口语练习,大声读出来、录下来回听。
本课的小目标在口语 Part 4 与 Essay 中自然用 so/not 替代从句,用省略避免重复啰嗦。

② 一图看懂全课(思维导图)

这张图就是本课完整地图:从替代词到对话省略与并列省略。

省略替代
→
替代词
do/so/not/one
→
对话省略
So am I / I hope not
→
并列省略
省重复主谓
→
不定式省略
to 后省动词

读法:从根出发,5 大块顺序走。全记住你就通关了。

③ 先认识它:为什么 C2 爱省略

英语忌讳重复。前面说过的话,后面用替代词或省略带过,句子才地道。B2 学生句句完整、句句重复;C2 学生靠 do/so/not 和省略让行文流畅。

A: Is it going to rain? B: I hope not.
甲:要下雨吗?乙:希望不要。(不说 I hope it will not rain)
She works harder than he does.
她比他工作更努力。(does = works)

④ 完整体系:替代词与省略全表

手段替代对象例句
do/does/did前面的动作He earns more than I do.
so + 主语 + 助动词「确实如此」赞同It's cold. — So it is!
so + 助动词 + 主语「…也一样」I'm tired. — So am I.
not否定替代从句Will they come? — I hope not.
so肯定替代从句Is she guilty? — I think so.
one/ones可数名词I'll take the blue one.
to(不定式省略)to 后省动词原形She didn't come, though she ought to.

⑤ 用法场景全解

① so / not 替代宾语从句

用于 think / hope / expect / say / believe / suppose / guess / imagine 后。肯定用 so,否定用 not。

Will prices rise? — I expect so. / I hope not.
物价会涨吗?— 我想会/我希望不要。

② 并列结构中的省略

并列句中重复的主谓可省,只保留不同部分。

Some people support the plan, while others oppose it.(省掉 support the plan)
有人支持,有人反对。

③ 不定式符号 to 单独留下

在 want / like / hate / hope / try / ought / used to 后,动词省掉只留 to。

You can leave if you want to.
你想走就可以走。

⑥ 中国学生高频错误诊断

错误 1:so am I 与 so I am 混So am I = 我也是(附和别人);So I am = 确实如此(赞同同一事)。别混。
错误 2:hope 后缺替代❌ I hope not it will rain。✅ I hope not(not 直接替代整个从句)。
错误 3:one 与 it 混one = 同类一个(不定);it = 同一个(定指)。I want a book; can you pass me one?(任意一本)
错误 4:不定式 to 后多写动词❌ She didn't come though she ought to come。✅ ...ought to(come 省略)。

⑦ CPE 考点与真题风格演练

CPE Use of English Part 4 常考 so/not 替代与省略改写。

真题风格 1Will the meeting be cancelled? (HOPE)
→ I hope not.
真题风格 2She is more patient than he is patient.(省略)
→ She is more patient than he is.
真题风格 3I'm exhausted. (SO) → You're exhausted? So am I.

⑧ 背诵内容:背诵 9 句省略替代金句

每天背 3 句,3 天背完。大声读,边读边想意思。

Is it worth it? — I think so, but she thinks not.
值得吗?— 我认为值得,她认为不然。
I haven't finished, but I soon will.
我还没完成,但很快就会。
You can borrow my pen if you want to.
你想用就可以借我的笔。
He runs faster than his brother does.
他比他弟弟跑得快。
She didn't complain, though she could have.
她本可以抱怨,却没有。
So it seems — the plan fell through after all.
看来如此——计划终究泡汤了。
Some agree, others disagree, as always.
有人同意,有人不同意,一如既往。
I asked her to leave, and leave she did.
我让她走,她真的走了。
I'm not sure I can make it, but I hope to.
我不确定能到,但我希望能。

⑨ 口语练习:说出来才算会

跟读 3 遍:I think so, but she thinks not.
对话替换:朋友说 I'm starving. 你用 So am I. 回应;朋友说 It's raining. 你用 I hope not. 回应。
造句:用 than I do 比较你和朋友,说两句。
录音回听:用 if you want to 礼貌地给一个许可。
示范I work longer hours than my colleagues do. You can leave early if you want to.

⑩ 分层练习 15 题(含答案与解析)

1–5 基础,6–10 中级,11–13 高级,14–15 仿真题。

基础A: Is the shop open? B: I think ___. (肯定)
so。think so = think it is open。
基础A: Will there be a delay? B: I hope ___. (否定)
not。hope not = hope there won't。
基础I'm exhausted. — ___ am I.
So。So am I = 我也累了。
基础This suit is nicer than that ___. (one/ones 指代 suit)
one。指代可数名词单数 suit。
基础She sings better than he ___. (do)
does。does = sings。
中级You may take a day off if you want ___.
to。不定式 to 后省略 take。
中级He shouldn't have said it, though he could ___.
have。could have (said it) 省略。
中级It's freezing in here! — So it ___.(确实如此)
is。So it is = 确实很冷。
中级Some students handed in essays, others ___. (not / hand in)
didn't。省略 handed in essays。
中级I'll have a coffee. Which ___? (one/ones)
one。a coffee 单数 → one。
高级She promised to help, but in the end she didn't want ___.
to。want to (help) 省略。
高级用 not 改写:I don't think they will come.
I hope/doubt not.(按动词选用)
高级改写避免重复:Tom works hard, and Mary works hard too.
Tom works hard, and so does Mary.
仿真题KWT: I don't expect the tickets will be cheap. (NOT) → I ___ tickets will be cheap.
expect not / expect they won't。expect not 替代。
仿真题KWT: You can borrow my laptop. (WANT) → You can borrow my laptop if you ___.
want to。want to 后省略 borrow it。

⑪ 记忆口诀与 7 天复习计划

口诀:肯定 so 否定 not,do 代动作 one 代物,to 单独留下省动词。
第几天任务
第 1 天背替代词全表 + 背诵卡前 3 句
第 2 天做练习 1–8
第 3 天背背诵卡 4–6,口语 so/not 对话
第 4 天做练习 9–15
第 5 天背背诵卡 7–9,录音造句
第 6 天错题重做
第 7 天默写 so am I / so I am 区别

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